7 Options to Treat Dry Eyes
Dry eyes can be frustrating, uncomfortable and surprisingly disruptive. For many people, symptoms such as irritation, fluctuating vision, burning or eye fatigue aren’t occasional—they’re part of daily life. Since dry eye disease often has more than one cause, effective management typically involves a layered approach that combines medical therapy with supportive habits. Below are practical ways to manage dry eyes, beginning with prescription options and followed by lifestyle and natural strategies.
1. Tyrvaya (Varenicline Nasal Spray)
Tyrvaya offers a unique approach to dry eye management by working through the nervous system rather than directly on the eye surface. It is administered as a nasal spray, where it activates the trigeminal nerve, an important part of the body’s natural tear reflex. When this nerve is stimulated, it signals the lacrimal glands to produce natural tears that include all three components of a healthy tear film—water, oil and mucin.
Since Tyrvaya does not require eye drop instillation, it can be especially helpful for people who struggle with drops due to sensitivity, coordination issues or discomfort. It may also benefit individuals whose primary issue is reduced tear production.
2. Prescription Anti-inflammatory Eye Drops
For many people with chronic dry eye, inflammation is a major underlying factor. Prescription anti-inflammatory drops such as cyclosporine or lifitegrast are designed to address this root cause. These medications work gradually by calming inflammatory signals on the surface of the eye and within the tear-producing glands. As inflammation decreases, the eyes are better able to produce and maintain healthy tears.
These drops are typically used for moderate to severe dry eye and are intended for consistent, long-term use. While symptom relief may take several weeks, they can play an important role in stabilizing dry eye over time.
3. Artificial Tears and Lubricating Eye Drops
Artificial tears are often the first line of defense for managing dry eye symptoms. These drops help supplement the natural tear film by adding moisture and reducing friction on the eye’s surface. Different formulations address different needs, with some focusing on hydration and others containing oils to slow tear evaporation.
While artificial tears do not treat the underlying cause of dry eye, they can provide fast, temporary relief and are useful throughout the day. Preservative-free options are generally preferred for people who need frequent dosing.
4. Warm Compresses and Eyelid Care
Eyelid health plays a critical role in maintaining stable tears, especially for people with evaporative dry eye. Warm compresses applied to the eyelids help loosen and release clogged oils from the meibomian glands, which are responsible for producing the oily layer of the tear film. When this oil layer is healthy, tears evaporate more slowly.
Gentle eyelid cleansing can also reduce debris and bacteria along the lid margins, helping minimize irritation and inflammation. This routine is particularly beneficial for people with eyelid redness, styes or meibomian gland dysfunction.
5. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Nutritional Support
Dietary choices can influence eye comfort more than many people realize. Omega-3 fatty acids are thought to support tear film stability by improving the quality of oils produced by the eyelid glands and reducing overall inflammation in the body.
While supplements are not a quick fix, they may provide gradual improvement when used consistently over time. Omega-3s are often most effective as part of a broader dry eye management plan rather than as a standalone solution.
6. Environmental and Lifestyle Adjustments
Everyday habits and surroundings can significantly affect dry eye symptoms. Dry indoor air, prolonged screen use and constant airflow from fans or vents can all increase tear evaporation. Using a humidifier, taking regular screen breaks and making a conscious effort to blink more often can help protect the tear film. Wearing wraparound sunglasses can shield the eyes from wind and sun, while staying well hydrated supports overall tear production.
These adjustments are simple but can greatly reduce symptom flare-ups.
7. Punctal Plugs for Tear Retention
For some people, dry eye symptoms persist because tears drain away too quickly. Punctal plugs are small devices placed in the tear drainage openings to slow tear outflow. By keeping both natural and artificial tears on the eye surface longer, they help improve comfort without adding medication.
Punctal plugs are often considered when drops alone do not provide adequate relief, particularly in people with low tear volume. They have to be placed by a healthcare professional.
When to See a Doctor
Dry eye symptoms that continue despite regular self-care, worsen over time or interfere with daily activities should be evaluated by an eye care professional. Persistent redness, eye pain, light sensitivity or changes in vision should never be ignored. A doctor can identify the specific cause of dry eye and recommend practical ways to manage dry eyes while protecting your long-term eye health.
Worried about staying hydrated? Pay attention to these symptoms of dehydration, and know how to combat them.
The information on this website is for general educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor or qualified healthcare provider before making changes to your health, diet or treatment plan.